Single-roll crusher



April 3, 1928.

M. E. FIRST SINGLE ROLL CRUSHER Filed July 10. 1923 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Wafz/ogz f. .7520? BY r Q96? ATTORNEYS M. E. FIRST SINGLE ROLL CRUSHER April 3, 1928.

Filed July 10. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 wmmmm a QQ$$$ WWW *Pa tented- Apr. 3, 1928. r

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I 1,664,811 PATENT OFFICE.

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SINGLE-ROLL CBUSHER.

Application filed m 10,

As indicated, the present improvements relate to that type of crusher mechanism wherein a single, toothed roll is utilized in conjunction with a so-called breaker plate 1n contradistinction to two opposed rolls, be tween which the material t be crushed ,1s assed. Such single roll type of crusher has found a considerable field of use,,more particularly for crushing coal to prescribed in size.

. One, object of the piesent invention is to govide such. a single roll crusher that will of simple and stalwart constructlon and which may nevertheless be readily dis'assem-' 1 5 bled to permit the removal of the roll when ever this becomes desirable. lhe invention further comprehends a breaker plate'of improved design, such plate having, in addition to specially arranged crushing. teeth so that cooperate with those on the'roll, a separate setof teeth on that portion or the plate which serves to form (the throat of the crusher, such supplemental set of teeth assisting in forcing larger lumps of the material through the crusher. The further objects of the invention include the provision ofmeans for adjustably positioning the breaker plate so as to vary the size of the material as crushed, as .well as the prbvision of means so for relieving undue strain without serious damage to the crusher mechanism proper.

To the accomplishment :of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully de- 85 scribed and particularly pointed out imthe,

claims, the annexed drawings and the fol'- lowing description setting-forth'in detail certain mechanism embodying the invens tion, such disclosed means constituting-howso ever, but one of various mechanical forms in r whifh the principle of the invention may be .In said annexed drawings Fig 1 is a side elevation of my lmproved crusher; Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof,

1.-e.,' as-viewed from the right in Fig. 1;

- Fig.3 is a front elevation of the breaker plates; and Figsr' and 5are sectional details, the planes of'the sections being indi-' cated by on Fig. 2.

* The frame of the machine comprises a bed.

1 of- 0 en rectangular form, viewed infiijlan) wherein are-provided bearings 2 and 3 forf] s the shaft of the crusher roll 4 and the drive= bearings for the-respective ends of the. rollshaft, such shaft thelines and 5.-5, respectively,

ma. Serial No. 650,682.

shaft 5 respectively; such drive shaft having a suitable pulley 6 mounted on its 0 e end and being connected through the med um of the inion 7 with a spur gear 8 on the rollshait. Bothsuch pulley and geari g lie beyond the sides of the bed 1 and the gide walls of thec'rusher which rise from/such bed, it being noted that the gearing is shown in dotted outline only in Fig. 1/in order to avoid confusion and that the protective housing or shell 9 which encloses such gearing is entirely omitted from. said figure although shown in Fig. 2.

The rear portion 10 of/the side wall just referred to, is integral with the bed 1 but the 'forward portion llof such wall constitutes a separable section, the dividing line between it and such portion 10/lying'vertically over the axis of toll-shaft 2. Accordingly, upon removal of the bolts 12, which secure the two sections 11 tolthe correspondin wall portions 10, such sections 11 may %e detached and upon 'emoving the upper halves 13 of the split xes that form part of the with the roll may be directly lifted put of the .frame. A suitable hopper 14 is inounted on the side walls thus composed of the two portions 10 and 11, and a detachable plate 15 serves to close the front end of thelspace defined by such walls.

The body of roll 4, as best shown in Fig. 1, "is of cylindrical form and is provided. on its fa c with several series (six, as shown) of rel vely long teeth 16 that are spaced t ansv'e rsely of t e roll and lie in lines parlel 1 ith the axis thereof; Iwhile between uch series of transversely alignedteeth each/ 116 e several similarly aligned and correspondingly spaced shorter teeth '17. p The direction of rotation of the roll 4 is 'to the 7 right, i. e. a clockwise direction as shown by the arrow in Fig. 1.

In the upper-right hand corners of side wall portlons 10 are outwgrdly opemng re cesses 20,;such recesses -'co ting trunnion arings for a shaft 21 wherefrom a .breaker plate 22 is oscillatorilyjs'uspended between Isjuch shfiwalls, such, plate curvin inwardly, i. e; towards the roll 4, and term1nating,ap- Q proximat ly at or beyond the lower sur faceof' ed 1. .U-bolts 23 are employed to hold in place the blocks that complete the bearings for said shaft 21, and, on removal' of such bolts, it willbe seenthat "0' shaft 21 with breaker plate 22 may be readily lifted out of the frame. The arrangement of teeth on the lower portion of the face of the breaker plate, which is directly opposed to the roll 4, may be readily ascertained upon reference to Fig. 3, taken in conjunction with Fi 1. Such lower face portion of the plate, 1t will be seen, is formed with a series'of vertical slots 24, the depth of which is approximately equal to the length of the longer teeth 16 on said roll; the lands or ribs between such slots 24 being transversely notched so as to provide a series ofshort stub teeth 25, while the notches themselves provide relief for pieces of material that may come between the sides of the long teeth 16 on the roll and the sides of the vertical slots 24, In addition to the notched ribs on the lower face portion of the breaker plate, the latter is provided across its upper face with several longitudinally (i. e. vertically) extending series or short, pointed teeth 26 that are suitably spaced transversely'across the plate. Such series of short teeth extend some distance down the edge thereof, and so, lie in the V-shaped space between the plate androll directly beneath the hopper 14, that forms the throat of the crusher. Auxiliary to such smaller teeth 26, I may provide two larger, downwardly rojecting teeth 27 adjacent such upper e ge of the breaker plate, as shown in Figs. 3, 4; and 5, such larger teeth 00-. operatin with teeth'26 to .prevent larger lumps 0 material from simply revolvmg and thus clogging the crusher.

In order to resiliently support the lower portion of the breaker plate, a plurality of compression springs 30 (two in number, as shown) are interposed between a bracket 31 that projects rearwardly and downwardly from the rear face of said plate and a plate or cap 32 that is secured in the rear end of the breaker plate 22.

bed 1, the cap, or else the bolts or threads that secure same tothe bed, being maderelatively of such strength as to break under undue strain, i. e. whenever a noncrushable object is fed into the crusher of such'size'as to force the coils of spring 3O completely to.- gether without permitting such ob'ect to pass. Bolts .33 centrally ali ed with the respective springs 30 are emp oyed 33', as will be readily understood, but ne'ther these bolts nor the springs, of course will limit the inward swinging movement of For th1s purpose, an additional bolt 34 is provided, such bolt medlate of such-bolts 33- and being pivotally attached at its inner end 36 to a vertical rib 35 "onithe breaker plate. Nuts 37 on the outer 'end of the bolts serve to vary the efl'ective length thereof and-constitute an plate from a line near the upper .the teeth on the roll, such teeth I toadjust' the latter through the medium of followers.

adjustable stop whereby the movement of the plate 22 lnwa-rdly is limited, without interfering with movement thereof in the opposite direction. Normally, the expans1ve action of springs 30 will serve to force the breaker plate inwardly, i. e. towards the roll until "such nut 37 contacts with plate 32 and the minimum distance between the breaker plate and rollmay thus be determined by simply adjusting nut 37, as 7 need not be further explained. However, such bolt in no wise interferes with the outward swinging movement of the breaker plate 22, this being opposed, as previously explained, by

the material will be crushed to the proper dc ree of fineness.

parts. The material, as it is delivered through hopper 14 into the throat of the crusher, is first caught between the upper series/of teeth 26 on the breaker plate and 26 serving to prevent the larger lumps of material from simply revolving and thus clogging the crusher. Such lumps, on the contrary, are forced downwardly into the main constricted portion of the throat where the action of the teeth on the roll is efl'ective to break up the same and pass them on by the notched ribs or teeth 25 on the lower face of the breaker plate, whence the material is discharged from" the machine.-

. Other modes of applying the rinciple of my invention may be employe instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, ro-- vided the means stated by any of the fol owing claims or the equivalent of'such stated means be employed. 7

' I therefore particularly point out and-distinctl claim as my invent1on:- V

1. n crushing mechanism, the combinetion of a frame, a toothed roll journaled in said frame, a breaker plate cooperative with said roller, yieldable means maintaining. said plate ata spaced distance from sai roll, and frangible means for releasing said yieldable means on undue strain. i I

2. In crushing mechanism, the combination of a frame, a toothed roll journaled in said frame, a breaker plate cooperative with .said roll, s rings maintaining said plate at a spaced istance from said roll, and a frangible 'su port for said springs.

3. In crus mg mechanism, the coinbina- .tion ofa frame, a toothed roll journaled insaid frame, abrea-kerplate cooperative with said roll, springs maintaining said plate at a spaced distance from said'roll, and a frangible plate backingsaid springs. Y

the springs 30, which are, of 80 a course, of sulficient stiflness to insure that" provided with transversely aligned bearings,

a toothed roll having a shaft journaled in such bearings, side walls rising from said base, each including a rear portion integral with the base and a forward portion separable therefrom and from said fixed wall portion on a line over such bearings, trunnion bearings in the upper rear corners of said fixed wall portions, a breaker plate oscillatorily suspended from said bearings be-' tween said fixed wall portions, a frangible abutment secured across the lower rear portion of said fixed wall portions, and compression springs interposed between the back of said plate and said frangible abutment.

6. In crushing mechanism, the combination of a base of general rectangular form provided with transversely aligned bearings, a toothed roll having a shaft journaled in such bearings, side walls rising from said base, each including a rear portion integral with the base and a forward portion separable therefrom and from said fixed wall portion on a line over such bearings, trunnion bearings in the upper rear corners of said fixed wall portions, a breaker plate oscillatorily suspended from said bearings between said fixed wall portions, compression springs interposed between the back of said plate and the base of the-machine, and a plate, breakable under undue strain, on said ase retainin said springs in place.

7-. In crus ing mechanism, the combination of a base of general rectangular form provided with transversely aligned bearings, a toothed roll having a shaft journaled in such bearings, side walls rising from said base, each including a rear portion integral with the base and a forward portion separable therefrom and from said fixed vwall portion on a line over such bearings, trunnion bearings in the upper rear corners of said fixed wall portions, a breaker plate 0scillatorily suspended from said bearings between said fixed wall portions, compression springs interposed between the back of said plate and the base of the. machine, a plate, breakable under undue strain, on said base retaining said springs in place, and a stop limiting'movement of said breaker plate towards said roll.

8. In crushing mechanism, the combination of a base of general rectangular form provided with transversely aligned bearings, a toothed roll having a shaft journaled 1n such bearings, side walls rising from said base, each including a rear portion integral with the base and a forward ortion separable therefrom and from said fixed wall portion on a line over such bearings, trunnion bearings in the upper rear corners of said fixed wall portions, a breaker plate oscillatorily suspended from said bearings between said fixed wall portions, compression springs interposed between the backof said plate and the base of the machine, a plate, breakable under undue strain, onrsaid base retaining said springs in place, and an ad- 'ustable stop limiting movement of sad reaker late towards said roll. 1

Signed by me, this 6th day of Julyi 1923. MAHLON E. FI ST. 

